13 Aralık 2012 Perşembe
Tablespace Point-in-time Recovery(TSPITR)
TSPITR ile sistemde zarar görmüş tablespace istenilen zamana a recover edilebilir.Recover işleminde istenilen zaman için database scn veya istenilen zaman kullanılabilinir.Bunu yaparken diğer tablespace ve objeler bu durumdan etkilenmez.
Ne zaman TSPITR:
1)Yanlışlıkla truncate table uygulandığında
2)Logical corruptionlar yaşandığında.
3)Logical bir sechemayı belli bir zamana recover etmek istediğimizde
NOT:Eğer archive log dosyalarına sahip değilsek TSPITR yapamayız.Yani noarchileog modda olan bir database de TSPITR uygulanamaz.
TSPITR Kısıtlamaları:
1)Drop edilen table recover edilemez.
2)Yeniden adlandırılmış bir tablespace adlandırmadan önceki bir zamana recover edilemez.Eğer bunu gerçekleştirmeyi denersek backup repository tablespace için yeni adıyla bakacağından dolayı doğru backup bulamayacaktır ve fail olacaktır.
3)Bir tabloyu kendisine bağlı bağlı tablolar olmadan recovery edemeyiz.
4)TSPITR ile bir tabloyu recover etmek istediğimiz zaman o tablonun bulunduğu tüm table space kullanırız.
5)Undo ve roolback segmentlerini içeren tablespace recover edemeyiz.
Tablespace Point in Time Recovery:
1)En başta herhangi bir işlem yapmadan database backup aldım.
Rman>backup database plus archivelog:
2)Test için bir table space ve default tablespace bu tablespace olan bir user create ettim.
SQL>create tablespace staff datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/company/staffinf.dbf' size 100M;
SQL>create user yasin identified by oracle default tablespace staff;
3)Bu schemda tablolarımı oluşturdum. Tablolarımı oluşturduktan sonra işlemin zamanına bakmalıyım. Çünkü tablespace recover ederken bu süre benim time-in-recovery belirtecek(current scn numarasına da bakılabilir.)
SQL>create table foo_1 (v varchar2(15));
SQL>create table foo_2 (v varchar2(15));
SQL>insert into foo_1 values ('lorem');
SQL>insert into foo_1 values ('ipsum');
SQL>insert into foo_1 values ('dolor');
SQL>insert into foo_1 values ('sit');
SQL>insert into foo_1 values ('amet');
SQL>insert into foo_2 values ('nonummy');
SQL>insert into foo_2 values ('nibh');
SQL>insert into foo_2 values ('euismod');
SQL>insert into foo_2 values ('tincidunt');
SQL>insert into foo_2 values ('ut');
4)Sonra foo_1 ve foo_2 tablosunda bulunan data yı sildim.
SQL>truncate table foo_1;
SQL>truncate table foo_2;
5)Daha sonra revocer işlemimi gerçekleştirdim.
Rman>recover tablespace staff until time "to_date('20-SEP-2012 10:22:00', 'DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS')" auxiliary destination='/backup';-->Bu komutla staff tablespace istenilen zaman daki haline recover edilir.
Starting recover at 20-SEP-12
using channel ORA_DISK_1
RMAN-05026: WARNING: presuming following set of tablespaces applies to specified point-in-time
List of tablespaces expected to have UNDO segments
Tablespace SYSTEM
Tablespace UNDOTBS1
Creating automatic instance, with SID='iqks'
initialization parameters used for automatic instance:
db_name=COMPANY
db_unique_name=iqks_tspitr_COMPANY
compatible=11.2.0.0.0
db_block_size=8192
db_files=200
sga_target=280M
processes=50
db_create_file_dest=/backup
log_archive_dest_1='location=/backup'
#No auxiliary parameter file used
starting up automatic instance COMPANY
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 292278272 bytes
Fixed Size 2212736 bytes
Variable Size 100666496 bytes
Database Buffers 184549376 bytes
Redo Buffers 4849664 bytes
Automatic instance created
Running TRANSPORT_SET_CHECK on recovery set tablespaces
TRANSPORT_SET_CHECK completed successfully
contents of Memory Script:
{
# set requested point in time
set until time "to_date('20-SEP-2012 10:22:00', 'DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS')";
# restore the controlfile
restore clone controlfile;
# mount the controlfile
sql clone 'alter database mount clone database';
# archive current online log
sql 'alter system archive log current';
# avoid unnecessary autobackups for structural changes during TSPITR
sql 'begin dbms_backup_restore.AutoBackupFlag(FALSE); end;';
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting restore at 20-SEP-12
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /backup/COMPANY/backupset/2012_09_20/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20120920T101957_85ojyp1h_.bkp
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/backup/COMPANY/backupset/2012_09_20/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20120920T101957_85ojyp1h_.bkp tag=TAG20120920T101957
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/backup/COMPANY/controlfile/o1_mf_85okp1c3_.ctl
Finished restore at 20-SEP-12
sql statement: alter database mount clone database
sql statement: alter system archive log current
sql statement: begin dbms_backup_restore.AutoBackupFlag(FALSE); end;
contents of Memory Script:
{
# set requested point in time
set until time "to_date('20-SEP-2012 10:22:00', 'DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS')";
plsql <<<-- br="br" tspitr_2="tspitr_2">declare
sqlstatement varchar2(512);
offline_not_needed exception;
pragma exception_init(offline_not_needed, -01539);
begin
sqlstatement := 'alter tablespace '|| 'STAFF' ||' offline immediate';
krmicd.writeMsg(6162, sqlstatement);
krmicd.execSql(sqlstatement);
exception
when offline_not_needed then
null;
end; >>>;
# set destinations for recovery set and auxiliary set datafiles
set newname for clone datafile 1 to new;
set newname for clone datafile 3 to new;
set newname for clone datafile 2 to new;
set newname for clone tempfile 1 to new;
set newname for datafile 5 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/company/staffinf.dbf";
# switch all tempfiles
switch clone tempfile all;
# restore the tablespaces in the recovery set and the auxiliary set
restore clone datafile 1, 3, 2, 5;
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
sql statement: alter tablespace STAFF offline immediate
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed tempfile 1 to /backup/COMPANY/datafile/o1_mf_temp_%u_.tmp in control file
Starting restore at 20-SEP-12
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /backup/COMPANY/datafile/o1_mf_system_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /backup/COMPANY/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /backup/COMPANY/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/company/staffinf.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /backup/COMPANY/backupset/2012_09_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20120920T101957_85ojwyk1_.bkp
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/backup/COMPANY/backupset/2012_09_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20120920T101957_85ojwyk1_.bkp tag=TAG20120920T101957
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45
Finished restore at 20-SEP-12
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=794486052 file name=/backup/COMPANY/datafile/o1_mf_system_85okp7kd_.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=794486052 file name=/backup/COMPANY/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_85okp7o6_.dbf
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=794486052 file name=/backup/COMPANY/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_85okp7l7_.dbf
contents of Memory Script:
{
# set requested point in time
set until time "to_date('20-SEP-2012 10:22:00', 'DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS')";
# online the datafiles restored or switched
sql clone "alter database datafile 1 online";
sql clone "alter database datafile 3 online";
sql clone "alter database datafile 2 online";
sql clone "alter database datafile 5 online";
# recover and open resetlogs
recover clone database tablespace "STAFF", "SYSTEM", "UNDOTBS1", "SYSAUX" delete archivelog;
alter clone database open resetlogs;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
sql statement: alter database datafile 1 online
sql statement: alter database datafile 3 online
sql statement: alter database datafile 2 online
sql statement: alter database datafile 5 online
Starting recover at 20-SEP-12
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 4 is already on disk as file /backup/COMPANY/archivelog/2012_09_20/o1_mf_1_4_85ojyq8k_.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 5 is already on disk as file /backup/COMPANY/archivelog/2012_09_20/o1_mf_1_5_85ok5wcx_.arc
archived log file name=/backup/COMPANY/archivelog/2012_09_20/o1_mf_1_4_85ojyq8k_.arc thread=1 sequence=4
archived log file name=/backup/COMPANY/archivelog/2012_09_20/o1_mf_1_5_85ok5wcx_.arc thread=1 sequence=5
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 20-SEP-12
database opened
contents of Memory Script:
{
# make read only the tablespace that will be exported
sql clone 'alter tablespace STAFF read only';
# create directory for datapump import
sql "create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ''
/backup''";
# create directory for datapump export
sql clone "create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ''
/backup''";
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter tablespace STAFF read only
sql statement: create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ''/backup''
sql statement: create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ''/backup''
Performing export of metadata...
EXPDP> Starting "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_iqks":
EXPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK
EXPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE
EXPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PLUGTS_BLK
EXPDP> Master table "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_iqks" successfully loaded/unloaded
EXPDP> ******************************************************************************
EXPDP> Dump file set for SYS.TSPITR_EXP_iqks is:
EXPDP> /backup/tspitr_iqks_27958.dmp
EXPDP> ******************************************************************************
EXPDP> Datafiles required for transportable tablespace STAFF:
EXPDP> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/company/staffinf.dbf
EXPDP> Job "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_iqks" successfully completed at 10:35:21
Export completed
contents of Memory Script:
{
# shutdown clone before import
shutdown clone immediate
# drop target tablespaces before importing them back
sql 'drop tablespace STAFF including contents keep datafiles';
}
executing Memory Script
database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down
sql statement: drop tablespace STAFF including contents keep datafiles
Performing import of metadata...
IMPDP> Master table "SYS"."TSPITR_IMP_iqks" successfully loaded/unloaded
IMPDP> Starting "SYS"."TSPITR_IMP_iqks":
IMPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK
IMPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE
IMPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PLUGTS_BLK
IMPDP> Job "SYS"."TSPITR_IMP_iqks" successfully completed at 10:35:38
Import completed
contents of Memory Script:
{
# make read write and offline the imported tablespaces
sql 'alter tablespace STAFF read write';
sql 'alter tablespace STAFF offline';
# enable autobackups after TSPITR is finished
sql 'begin dbms_backup_restore.AutoBackupFlag(TRUE); end;';
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter tablespace STAFF read write
sql statement: alter tablespace STAFF offline
sql statement: begin dbms_backup_restore.AutoBackupFlag(TRUE); end;
Removing automatic instance
Automatic instance removed
auxiliary instance file /backup/COMPANY/datafile/o1_mf_temp_85okqtw4_.tmp deleted
auxiliary instance file /backup/COMPANY/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_85okqrn9_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /backup/COMPANY/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_85okqq57_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /backup/COMPANY/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_85okqp9r_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /backup/COMPANY/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_85okp7l7_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /backup/COMPANY/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_85okp7o6_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /backup/COMPANY/datafile/o1_mf_system_85okp7kd_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /backup/COMPANY/controlfile/o1_mf_85okp1c3_.ctl deleted
Finished recover at 20-SEP-12
6)Recovery işleminden sonra recover ettiğimiz datafile offline olarak görülür.Recovery edilen data okunmak istendiğinde hata verecektir. Bu işlemden önce tablespace online yapmalıyız.
SQL>select name,status from v$datafile;
NAME STATUS
--------------------------------------------------- ----------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/company/system01.dbf SYSTEM
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/company/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/company/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/company/users01.dbf ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/company/company.dbf OFFLINE
SQL>alter tablespace staff online;
SQL>select name,status from v$datafile;
NAME STATUS
--------------------------------------------------- ----------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/company/system01.dbf SYSTEM
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/company/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/company/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/company/users01.dbf ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/company/company.dbf ONLINE
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